1. Lead with your main idea. 緊扣中心思想
As a general rule, state the main idea of a paragraph in the first sentence--the topic sentence. Don't keep your readers guessing.通常，文章的第一句話就要表達(dá)出自己的看法，這也就是所謂的“主題句”。不要讓讀者去猜想。
2. Vary the length of your sentences.變換句子的長(zhǎng)度。
In general, use short sentences to emphasize ideas. Use longer sentences to explain, define, or illustrate ideas.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，使用短句來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)中心思想，使用長(zhǎng)句來(lái)解釋、定義、或者闡述自己的想法。
3. Put key words and ideas at the beginning or end of a sentence.把關(guān)鍵詞和中心放在段落的始句或者尾句。
Don't bury a main point in the middle of a long sentence. To emphasize key words, place them at the beginning or (better yet) at the end.不要讓中心埋沒(méi)在段落中。想要強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)鍵詞的話就把他們放在起始或者結(jié)尾。
4. Vary sentence types and structures.變換句型和結(jié)構(gòu)
Vary sentence types by including occasional questions and commands. Vary sentence structures by blending simple, compound, and complex sentences.穿插一般疑問(wèn)句和命令句來(lái)變換句型。也可以用簡(jiǎn)單、復(fù)合或者復(fù)雜句來(lái)增加句子結(jié)構(gòu)的種類。
5. Use active verbs.使用主動(dòng)動(dòng)詞
Don't overwork the passive voice or forms of the verb "to be." Instead, use dynamic verbs in the active voice.不要過(guò)度使用"to be"這些被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中使用主動(dòng)動(dòng)詞吧。
6. Use specific nouns and verbs.確切的使用名詞和動(dòng)詞
To convey your message clearly and keep your readers engaged, use concrete and specific words that show what you mean.要想清楚的表達(dá)你的想法，讓讀者明白你的意思，就需要使用具體、確切的詞語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)。
7. Cut the clutter.去除冗雜
When revising your work, eliminate unnecessary words.當(dāng)你修改文章的時(shí)候，去除那些不需要的詞語(yǔ)。
8. Read aloud when you revise.朗讀修改
When revising, you may hear problems (of tone, emphasis, word choice, and syntax) that you can't see. So listen up!當(dāng)你朗讀修改時(shí)，你可能聽(tīng)出那些不易于看出來(lái)的問(wèn)題。比如說(shuō)：語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)調(diào)，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，一些詞語(yǔ)的選擇，句法。所以，仔細(xì)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)自己的朗讀!
9. Actively edit and proofread.積極的編輯、校對(duì)
It's easy to overlook errors when merely looking over your work. So be on the lookout for common trouble spots when studying your final draft.重讀一遍自己的文章就很容易檢查出錯(cuò)誤。當(dāng)檢查最后的草稿時(shí)，請(qǐng)注意那些容易出錯(cuò)的地方。
10. Use a dictionary.使用字典
When proofreading, don't trust your spellchecker: it can tell you only if a word is a word, not if it's the right word.在校對(duì)的時(shí)候不要相信那些拼寫(xiě)檢查。它只能告訴你某個(gè)單詞的拼寫(xiě)是否正確，不能告訴你這個(gè)詞是否用對(duì)了。
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