三字經(jīng)漢英對(duì)照

2023-01-26 三字經(jīng)

　　《三字經(jīng)》，是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)啟蒙教材。在中國(guó)古代經(jīng)典當(dāng)中，《三字經(jīng)》是最淺顯易懂的讀本之一。《三字經(jīng)》取材典故范，包括中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的文學(xué)、歷史、哲學(xué)、天文地理、人倫義理、忠孝節(jié)義等等，而核心思想又包括了“仁，義，誠(chéng)，敬，孝。”背誦《三字經(jīng)》的同時(shí)，就了解了常識(shí)、傳統(tǒng)國(guó)學(xué)及歷史故事，以及故事內(nèi)涵中的做人做事道理。

　　在格式上，三字一句朗朗上口，因其文通俗、順口、易記等特點(diǎn)，使其與《百家姓》、《千字文》并稱(chēng)為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)蒙學(xué)三大讀物，合稱(chēng)“三百千”。《三字經(jīng)》與《百家姓》、《千字文》并稱(chēng)為三大國(guó)學(xué)啟蒙讀物�！度纸�(jīng)》是中華民族珍貴的文化遺產(chǎn)，它短小精悍、瑯瑯上口，千百年來(lái)，家喻戶(hù)曉。其內(nèi)容涵蓋了歷史、天文、地理、道德以及一些民間傳說(shuō)，所謂“熟讀《三字經(jīng)》，可知千古事”�；跉v史原因，《三字經(jīng)》難免含有一些精神糟粕、藝術(shù)瑕疵，但其獨(dú)特的思想價(jià)值和文化魅力仍然為世人所公認(rèn)，被歷代中國(guó)人奉為經(jīng)典并不斷流傳。

　　以下yjbys文學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為您提供三字經(jīng)漢英對(duì)照版!希望能幫到你!

　　人之初，

　　性本善。

　　性相近，

　　習(xí)相遠(yuǎn)。

　　Man the breed,

　　Of good seed.

　　The same nature,

　　But varied nurture.

　　人在太初或剛出世時(shí)都是善良的，后天成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境不一樣，性情也就有了好與壞的差別。

　　Man was good in the beginning, or he is good at birth. Human nature deviates due to different nurtures.

　　茍不教，

　　性乃遷。

　　教之道，

　　貴以專(zhuān)。

　　With no education,

　　There'd be aberration.

　　To teach well,

　　You deeply dwell.

　　如果不好好教育孩子，善良的本性就會(huì)變壞。說(shuō)到教育，最關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題就是要專(zhuān)心一致，精講要義而不厭其煩。

　　If a child is not properly taught, he may go astray. In education, what is important is to be focused, dwelling on key points.

　　昔孟母，

　　擇鄰處，

　　子不學(xué)，

　　斷機(jī)杼。

　　Then Mencius' mother

　　Chose her neighbor.

　　Mencius slackly learned;

　　Shuttles she overturned.

　　戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)，孟子的母親曾三次搬家，是為了使孟子有個(gè)良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。一次孟子逃學(xué)，孟母就割斷織機(jī)的布來(lái)教子。

　　In the Warring State period, Mencius' mother moved three times for better environment for her son. Mencius once played truant, and she cut the cloth she was weaving to show her seriousness.

　　竇燕山，

　　有義方，

　　教五子，

　　名俱揚(yáng)。

　　Dough, as hight,

　　Managed so right.

　　His five sons

　　Became famous ones.

　　五代十國(guó)時(shí)期，燕山人竇禹鈞創(chuàng)辦私塾，延聘名師。他教子有方，五個(gè)兒子都科舉成名，很有成就。

　　In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Dough (Dou) founded a private school, hired famous teachers, and managed well in having his children taught. All his five sons passed the Imperial Examinations and lived very successful lives.

　　養(yǎng)不教，

　　父之過(guò)。

　　教不嚴(yán)，

　　師之惰。

　　What's a father?

　　A good teacher.

　　What's a teacher?

　　A strict preacher.

　　僅僅是供養(yǎng)兒女吃穿，而不好好教育，是父親的過(guò)錯(cuò)。只是教育，但不嚴(yán)格要求就是做老師的懶惰了。

　　It is not enough to provide children with food and clothing. Education is important. To rear children without giving them good education is a father's fault; a teacher is considered lazy if he is not strict with the children he teaches.

　　子不學(xué)，

　　非所宜。

　　幼不學(xué)，

　　老何為?

　　An unschooled child

　　Will grow wild.

　　A poor-learning youth,

　　Will turn uncouth.

　　小孩子應(yīng)該好好學(xué)習(xí)。一個(gè)人如果小時(shí)候不好好學(xué)習(xí)，到老的時(shí)候能有什么用呢?

　　A child should have proper education. If one does not do well, what will become of him when he is grown up?

　　玉不琢，

　　不成器。

　　人不學(xué)，

　　不知義。

　　A crude jade

　　Isn't finely made;

　　Not learning right,

　　One'll turn slight.

　　玉不打磨雕刻，不會(huì)成為精美的器物;人若是不學(xué)習(xí)，就不懂得禮儀，不能成才。

　　If a jade is not honed and carved, it will not be a fine piece of art; if one doesn't receive education, he will not be a gentleman, and will not be something.

　　為人子，

　　方少時(shí)，

　　親師友，

　　習(xí)禮儀。

　　Son of man,

　　Mature you can.

　　Tutors you requite,

　　Learn the rite.

　　做兒女的，或如人子，終會(huì)長(zhǎng)大成人。在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)親近師友，當(dāng)心存感激，不要輕慢無(wú)禮，要學(xué)一些為人處事的禮節(jié)。

　　As children, or son of man like Jesus, you will grow up. While young, you should approach and requite your models like teachers and friends, and learn good manners.

　　香九齡，

　　能溫席。

　　孝于親，

　　所當(dāng)執(zhí)。

　　Xiang, at nine,

　　Warmed bedding fine,

　　Follow this one,

　　This filial son.

　　東漢人黃香，九歲時(shí)就知道孝敬父親，替父親暖被窩。這是每個(gè)孝順父母的人都應(yīng)該實(shí)行和效仿的。

　　Xiang (Huang Xiang) in the Eastern Han Dynasty knew how to show kindness to his father at nine. He warmed bedding for his father. One should do like this, to be a filial son.

　　融四歲，

　　能讓梨。

　　弟于長(zhǎng)，

　　宜先知。

　　Aged four years,

　　Rong gave pears.

　　Bear in mind

　　You'd be kind.

　　漢代人孔融四歲時(shí)，就知道把梨讓給哥哥吃，這種尊敬和友愛(ài)兄長(zhǎng)的道理，是每個(gè)人從小就應(yīng)該知道的。

　　Rong (Kong Rong) in the Han Dynasty offered his pears to his brother although he was only four. Everyone should learn this kind of respect for affinity.

　　首孝悌，

　　次見(jiàn)聞，

　　知某數(shù)，

　　識(shí)某文。

　　Stress piety more

　　Than your lore.

　　Learn some numeracy,

　　Know some literacy.

　　孝敬父母、愛(ài)護(hù)兄弟是首要的，其次接才是知識(shí)。至于知識(shí)，大家要學(xué)點(diǎn)算術(shù)和語(yǔ)文。

　　Piety is more important than knowledge. As for knowledge, one should learn some numeracy and literacy.

　　一而十，

　　十而百，

　　百而千，

　　千而萬(wàn)。

　　One to ten,

　　A hundred then,

　　One thousand more,

　　Ten thousand afore.

　　我國(guó)采用十進(jìn)位算術(shù)方法：一到十是基本的數(shù)字，然后是一百、一千、一萬(wàn)……一直變化下去。

　　Decimalism is adopted in China: one to ten is primary, next is one hundred, then one thousand, ten thousand, and so on.

　　三才者，

　　天地人。

　　三光者，

　　日月星。

　　Three vitals, worth:

　　Man, heaven, earth;

　　Three lights, boon:

　　Sun, stars, moon.

　　還應(yīng)該知道一些日常生活常識(shí)，如什么叫三才?三才指的是天、地、人三個(gè)方面。什么叫三光呢?三光就是太陽(yáng)、月亮、星星。

　　And one should know some rudiments, such as what we call three vitals, Heaven, Earth, Man, and what we call three luminaries or lights, Sun, Moon and Stars.

　　三綱者，

　　君臣義

　　父子親，

　　夫婦順。

　　Three tenets always:

　　Subject Lord obeys;

　　Child Father reveres;

　　Wife Man endears.

　　人與人之間關(guān)系應(yīng)該遵守的三個(gè)行為準(zhǔn)則是什么呢?就是君王與臣子之間要合乎義理，父母子女之間要相親相愛(ài)，夫妻之間要和順相處。

　　What are the three tenets one should always follow? The king or emperor should be obeyed by his subjects, the father should be revered by his children, and the man endeared by his wife.

　　曰春夏，

　　曰秋冬，

　　此四時(shí)，

　　運(yùn)不窮。

　　Spring and summer,

　　Autumn and winter.

　　These four seasons

　　Turn with reasons.

　　春、夏、秋、冬叫做四季。這四時(shí)季節(jié)按照一定的規(guī)律不斷變化，春去夏來(lái)，秋去冬來(lái)，如此循環(huán)往復(fù)，永不停止。

　　We have four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. They alternate according to a certain law, round by round, never to end.

　　曰南北，

　　曰西東，

　　此四方，

　　應(yīng)乎中。

　　South, north say,

　　West, east, hey.

　　These four ways

　　Upon center gaze.

　　東、南、西、北，這叫作四方，是指各個(gè)方向的位置。這四個(gè)方位是相對(duì)的，必須有個(gè)中央位置對(duì)應(yīng)才能把各個(gè)方位定出來(lái)。

　　We have four ways or directions called east, west, south, and north. These four ways are reciprocal, determined by a central position.

　　曰水火，

　　木金土，

　　此五行，

　　本乎數(shù)。

　　Water, fire, behold,

　　Earth, wood, gold.

　　These five materials

　　Accord to numerals.

　　所謂五行指的是金、木、水、火、土。這是中國(guó)古代用來(lái)指宇宙各種事物的抽象概念，是根據(jù)一、二、三、四、五這五個(gè)數(shù)字和組合變化而產(chǎn)生的。

　　The five basic materials or elements are gold, wood, water, fire, and earth. These represent various abstract ideas in the cosmos, depending on the combination and function of the numerals, that is, one, two, three, four, and five.

　　十干者，

　　甲至癸。

　　十二支，

　　子至亥。

　　The ten trunks

　　Are great chunks.

　　The twelve wings

　　Are good things.

　　“十干”指的是甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸，又叫“天干”;“十二支”指的是子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥，又叫“地支”，它們兩兩配對(duì)組成循環(huán)往復(fù)的“六十干支” 。

　　The ten Heaven Trunks are Crust (jia), Creep (yi), Flame (bing), Strong (ding), Rank (wu), Rise (ji), Wait (geng), New (xin), Bear (ren), Rear (gui); The twelve Earth Wings are Babe (zi), Sprout (chou), Spread (yin), Grow (mao), Mature (chen), Prime (si), Ripe (wu), Taste (wei), Grown (shen), Old (you), Sear (xu), End (hai). The combination of two elements respectively from the trunk and wing systems makes a recursive Chinese sexagenary cycle, also known as Trunks-and-Wings, that is, a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the ten Heaven Trunks and the twelve Earth Wings.

　　曰黃道，

　　日所躔。

　　曰赤道，

　　當(dāng)中權(quán)。

　　The Ecliptic line,

　　The Zodiacal sign.

　　And the Equator

　　Circling the center.

　　地球圍繞太陽(yáng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，太陽(yáng)圍繞銀河系運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。地球圍繞太陽(yáng)運(yùn)行的軌道叫“黃道”，在地球中央有一條假想的與地軸垂直的大圓圈，這就是赤道。

　　The earth revolves around the sun, and the sun revolves around the Milky Way. The track of the revolution of the earth is called ecliptic, and the imaginary circle vertical to the earth's axis is called equator.

　　赤道下，

　　溫暖極。

　　我中華，

　　在東北。

　　Nowhere is hotter

　　Than the equator

　　China, the greatest

　　Lies in Northeast.

　　在赤道地區(qū)，溫度最高，氣候特別炎熱，從赤道向南北兩個(gè)方向，氣溫逐漸變低。我們國(guó)家是地處地球的東北邊。

　　Along the equator, it is the hottest, and temperature drops gradually south and north of the equator. China is northeast on the earth.

　　寒燠均，

　　霜露改。

　　右高原，

　　左大海。

　　Temperature fiting you,

　　There's frosty dew.

　　Right, plateaus stand;

　　Left, seas expand.

　　我國(guó)氣候冷暖勻稱(chēng)而有霜露。右邊是高原，左邊是大海。

　　China has a mild temperature, with frost and dew. On the right are plateaus, and on the left are great seas.

　　曰江河，

　　曰淮濟(jì)。

　　此四瀆，

　　水之紀(jì) 。

　　Longest and River,

　　Level and Ferra.

　　These rivers four

　　All along outpour.

　　中國(guó)是個(gè)地大物博的國(guó)家，直接流入大海的有長(zhǎng)江、黃河、淮河和濟(jì)水，這四條大河是中國(guó)河流的代表。

　　China has a vast and fertile territory. The four representative rivers, the Longest (the Yangtze River), the River (the Yellow River), the Level (the Huai River), and the Ferra (the Ji River) flow into the sea.

　　曰岱華，

　　蒿恒衡。

　　此五岳，

　　山之名。

　　Arch, Flora, Tower,

　　Scale, and Ever!

　　These high mountains

　　Are five chieftains.

　　中國(guó)的五大名山，稱(chēng)為“五岳”，就是東岳泰山、西岳華山、中岳嵩山、南岳衡山、北岳恒山，這五座山是中國(guó)大山的代表。

　　China has five famous representative mountains, called Five Mounts--Arch (Mount Tai) in the east, Flora (Mount Hua) in the west, Tower (Mount Song) at the center, Scale (Mount Heng) in the south, and Ever (Mount Heng) in the north.

　　曰士農(nóng)，

　　曰工商。

　　此四民，

　　國(guó)之良。

　　Officials and farmers,

　　Merchants and workers,

　　These four great,

　　Pillars of th' State

　　中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。官員、農(nóng)民、工人和商人稱(chēng)為四民，這是社會(huì)重要的組成部分。

　　China has the largest population in the world. Officials, farmers, workers, and merchants are the mainstay of the society.

　　曰仁義，

　　禮智信，

　　此五常，

　　不容紊。

　　Grace, trust, decency,

　　Wisdom, and honesty.

　　These constants five

　　Should keep alive.

　　為人處事當(dāng)牢記仁、義、禮、智、信這五種不變的法則，以使社會(huì)永保穩(wěn)定，祥和。

　　Everyone should bear in mind what we call five constants--grace, trust, decency, wisdom, and honesty so that the society can be stable and peaceful.

　　地所生，

　　有草木。

　　此植物，

　　遍水陸。

　　The earth's good

　　With grass 'nd wood.

　　These plants expand

　　Over the land.

　　地球上有花草樹(shù)木，這些屬于植物，在陸地上和水里到處都有。

　　There grow grass, flowers, and trees on earth. There are plants everywhere on land and in water.

　　有蟲(chóng)魚(yú)，

　　有鳥(niǎo)獸。

　　此動(dòng)物，

　　能飛走。

　　Fishes and birds,

　　Worms and herds.

　　These creatures cry,

　　Run or fly.

　　蟲(chóng)、魚(yú)、鳥(niǎo)、獸屬于動(dòng)物，這些動(dòng)物有的能在天空中飛，有的能在陸地上走，有的能在水里游。

　　Worms, fishes, birds, and herds make the fauna. Some can fly in the sky, some can walk over the land, and some can swim in water.

　　稻粱菽，

　　麥?zhǔn)蝠ⅲ?/p>

　　此六谷，

　　人所食。

　　Rice, sorghum, beans,

　　Wheat, millet, corns.

　　These grains main

　　Our life maintain.

　　稻子、小麥、豆類(lèi)、小米、玉米和高梁是中國(guó)人的主食。

　　The staple food is from such crops as rice, wheat, beans, corns, millet, and sorghum.

　　馬牛羊，

　　雞犬豕，

　　此六畜，

　　人所飼。

　　Cows, sheep, equines,

　　Hens, dogs, swines.

　　These six breeds

　　Meet our needs.

　　在動(dòng)物中有馬、牛、羊、雞、狗和豬，馴化而來(lái)，這叫六畜。

　　Cows, sheep, horses, chickens, dogs, pigs are six breeds that have been domesticated.

　　曰喜怒，

　　曰哀懼，

　　愛(ài)惡欲，

　　七情具。

　　Say anger, happiness,

　　Say fear, sadness,

　　Love, hate, greed,

　　These feelings lead.

　　喜、怒、哀、懼、愛(ài)、惡、欲，合起來(lái)叫七情。這是人生下來(lái)就有的七種感情。

　　Anger, happiness, fear, sadness, love, hate, and greed are seven leading emotions that humans are born with.

　　青赤黃，

　　及黑白。

　　此五色，

　　目所識(shí)。

　　Red, yellow, green,

　　Black 'nd white between,

　　These colors five

　　Set things alive.

　　青色、黃色、赤色、黑色和白色，這是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中最重要的五種顏色，是人們的肉眼能夠識(shí)別的。

　　Green, yellow, red, black, and white are the five main colors traditionally deemed important by the Chinese people. They are discernible to the naked eye.

　　酸苦甘，

　　及辛咸。

　　此五味，

　　口所含。

　　Sour, bitter, hot,

　　Sweet, salty. Tot,

　　These tastes five

　　Set dishes alive.

　　在我們平時(shí)所吃的食物中，全能用嘴巴分辯出來(lái)的，有酸、甜、苦、辣和咸，這五種味道。

　　In our everyday food, there are five tastes perceptible to the tongue, namely, sour, bitter, hotness,sweet, and salty.

　　膻焦香，

　　及腥朽。

　　此五臭，

　　鼻所嗅。

　　Muttony, burnt, balmy,

　　Fishy, and moldy,

　　These smells five

　　Make noses alive.

　　我們的鼻子可以聞出東西的氣味，氣味主要有五種，即羊膻味、燒焦味、香味、魚(yú)腥味和腐朽味。

　　There are five main smells perceptible to the nose, namely, muttony, burnt, balmy, fishy, and moldy.

　　匏土革

　　木石金，

　　絲與竹，

　　乃八音。

　　Gourd, leather, clay

　　Wood we play,

　　Stone, metal, bamboo,

　　And string, too.

　　我國(guó)古代人把制造樂(lè)器的材料，分為八種，即匏瓜、粘土、皮革、木塊、石頭、金屬、絲線與竹子，稱(chēng)為“八音”。

　　The Ancient Chinese people made musical instruments with eight kinds of materials, namely，gourd, clay, leather, wood, stone, metal, string, and bamboo, called "musical eight".

　　曰平上，

　　曰去入。

　　此四聲，

　　宜調(diào)協(xié)。

　　Level, and bounce,

　　Fall, and in-nounce.

　　These four tones

　　Are tuned phones.

　　中國(guó)的古人把說(shuō)話聲音的聲調(diào)分為平、上、去、入四種。這四個(gè)單音應(yīng)該和諧悅耳。

　　Ancient Chinese spoke with four tones: level, bounce, fall, and in-nounce, and these four tones should be in tune.

　　高曾祖，

　　父而身，

　　身而子，

　　子而孫。

　　Grandparents, and Father,

　　Me and brother,

　　Children, and grandchildren

　　--kindred through semen.

　　由高祖父生曾祖父，曾祖父生祖父，祖父生父親，父親生我本身，我生兒子，兒子再生孫子。

　　Great-great grandparents beget great-grandparents, great-grandparents beget grandparents, grandparents beget father, and father begets son, etc.

　　自子孫，

　　至玄曾，

　　乃九族，

　　人之倫。

　　Grandchildren, and afore;

　　Grandparents, back more.

　　There're generations nine,

　　A genealogical line.

　　從高祖父到曾孫稱(chēng)為“九族”。這“九族”代表著家族血統(tǒng)的承續(xù)關(guān)系。

　　From great-great-grandfather to great-great-grandchildren, there are all together nine generations, forming a genealogical line.

　　父子恩，

　　夫婦從。

　　兄則友，

　　弟則恭。

　　Father loves son;

　　Man-wife is one.

　　Brothers are bland,

　　Hand in hand.

　　父親與兒子有恩情，夫妻之間的感情要和順，哥哥對(duì)弟弟要友愛(ài)，弟弟對(duì)哥哥則要尊敬。

　　A father should love his children and be loved by them, man and wife should be harmonious, and brothers should be kind--the older takes care of the younger and the younger shows respect to the older.

　　長(zhǎng)幼序，

　　友與朋。

　　君則敬，

　　臣則忠。

　　Senior to young,

　　The ethical rung.

　　Lord loves subjects,

　　And enjoys respects.

　　年長(zhǎng)和年幼之間當(dāng)有長(zhǎng)幼尊卑的次序;君主愛(ài)護(hù)臣子，以民為本，民則敬仰君主。

　　There should be an ethical rung--the old should be given priority; If a king loves his subjects, the latter will respect him, be loyal to him.

　　此十義，

　　人所同。

　　當(dāng)師敘，

　　勿違背。

　　This you remember

　　For every member.

　　This you obey

　　For every day.

　　前面提到的十義人人都應(yīng)遵守并廣為宣傳，千萬(wàn)不能違背。

　　The above mentioned should be borne in mind and be told to others, and should never be breached.

　　斬齊衰，

　　大小功。

　　至緦麻，

　　五服終。

　　Cuts and completes,

　　Merits and feats,

　　And linen, too

　　For funeral blue.

　　斬衰、齊衰、大功、小功和緦麻，這是中國(guó)古代親族中不同的人死去時(shí)穿的五種孝服。

　　Cuts (cut coarsely), completes (complete with all parts), merits (to commemorate the merits of the dead ), feats (to commemorate the feats of the dead), and linen are the five kinds of funeral garments.

　　有古文，

　　大小篆。

　　隸草繼，

　　不可亂。

　　Old characters, behold

　　Seals, lesser 'nd bold,

　　Straight and cursive,

　　Five scripts successive!

　　我國(guó)的文字演變出了古文、大篆、小篆、隸書(shū)、草書(shū)這五種主要形式，這一定要認(rèn)清楚，不可搞亂了。

　　Chinese script styles developed from old characters, to bold seal, lesser seal, straight, and cursive. These styles should be distinguished each from the other.

　　若廣學(xué)，

　　懼其繁。

　　但略說(shuō)，

　　能知原。

　　To learn widely

　　Is seldom easy.

　　To study some,

　　Knowing you become.

　　假如你想廣泛地學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)，實(shí)在是不容易的事，但如能大體涉獵，還是能了解到許多基本的道理。

　　If you want to learn extensively, it is not an easy matter. If you study generally, you'll become knowing, with an acquisition of some basic facts.

　　禮樂(lè)射，

　　御書(shū)數(shù)。

　　古六藝，

　　今不具。

　　Rituals, calligraphy, shooting,

　　Music, mathematics, driving.

　　These six arts

　　Need devoted hearts.

　　禮法、音樂(lè)、射箭、駕車(chē)、書(shū)法和算數(shù)是古代讀書(shū)人必須學(xué)習(xí)的六種技藝，這六種技藝需全身心投入，到現(xiàn)在很少有人能同時(shí)具備了。

　　Rituals, music, shooting, driving, calligraphy, and mathematics are the six arts the ancient people learned at school.They need to have devoted hearts, and now very few people can master them all.

　　惟書(shū)學(xué)，

　　人共遵。

　　既識(shí)字，

　　講說(shuō)文。

　　All calligraphy respect,

　　'nd other arts neglect.

　　Words already learned,

　　Motivations are concerned.

　　在六藝中，現(xiàn)在只有書(shū)法現(xiàn)在還是每個(gè)人都推崇的。當(dāng)一個(gè)人認(rèn)識(shí)一些漢字之后，就可以去研究《說(shuō)文解字》了。

　　Of the six arts, now only calligraphy is valued by everybody. When one has learned enough characters, it is necessary to inquire into the Motivations of the Characters.

　　凡訓(xùn)蒙，

　　須講究，

　　詳訓(xùn)詁，

　　名句竇。

　　While you teach,

　　Do deeply reach.

　　Go with explanation,

　　And guide punctuation.

　　當(dāng)老師的教導(dǎo)剛?cè)雽W(xué)的兒童，必須腳踏實(shí)地，每句話都要解釋明白，并且使學(xué)童讀書(shū)時(shí)懂得斷句。

　　As a teacher of children, you should reach deeply, carefully explain what a sentence means and teach them how to use correct punctuation.

　　為學(xué)者，

　　必有初，

　　小學(xué)終，

　　至四書(shū)。

　　Now to learn,

　　Make a turn.

　　From school nooks

　　To Four Books.

　　學(xué)習(xí)者要有個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端，求學(xué)初期要打好基礎(chǔ)，循序漸進(jìn)，才可以讀“四書(shū)”。

　　A learner should have a good beginning. Only on a good foundation in primary school can a learner proceed to the classics, i.e. the Four Books.

　　論語(yǔ)者，

　　二十篇，

　　群弟子，

　　記善言。

　　The Analects--conversations

　　Has twenty sections.

　　Confucius and disciples

　　Gave off sparkles.

　　《論語(yǔ)》二十篇。是孔子的弟子們，以及弟子的弟子們，記載的有關(guān)孔子言論是一部書(shū)。

　　The Analects, consisting of twenty sections, is a book of sparkling dialogues between Confucius and his disciples.

　　孟子者，

　　七篇止，

　　講道德，

　　說(shuō)仁義。

　　Mencius, the sutras,

　　Has seven chapters.

　　These are counsels

　　Of virtues 'nd morals.

　　《孟子》這本書(shū)是孟軻所作，共分七篇。內(nèi)容是有關(guān)品行修養(yǎng)、發(fā)揚(yáng)道德仁義等方面的言論。

　　Mencius, named after the author, is divided into seven chapters, which are counsels of virtues and morals.

　　作中庸，

　　乃孔伋，

　　中不偏，

　　庸不易。

　　The Golden Mean,

　　Great it's been.

　　Kong Ji,the scholar

　　Is its author.

　　《中庸》這本書(shū)的作者是孔子的孫子孔伋，講的始中庸，即不偏、不變的意思。

　　The Golden Mean was authored by Kong Ji, grandson of Confucius, which is about how to keep constant equilibrium.

　　作大學(xué)，

　　乃曾子，

　　自修齊，

　　至平治。

　　Great Learning, great,

　　Zengcius did create:

　　From personal perfection

　　To national progression.

　　作《大學(xué)》這本書(shū)的是曾參，他提出了修齊平治的主張，具體是"修身齊家治國(guó)平天下"。

　　Great Learning was written by Zengcius, who proposed the idea of personal perfection and national progression, to be specific, self-perfection, family harmonizing, state governing, and world pacification.

　　孝經(jīng)通，

　　四書(shū)熟，

　　如六經(jīng)，

　　始可讀。

　　Piety learned ahead,

　　Four Books fully-read,

　　Six Classics now,

　　You should plough.

　　先學(xué)了《孝經(jīng)》中的道理，再把《四書(shū)》讀熟了，這樣就可以去讀《六經(jīng)》這樣深?yuàn)W的書(shū)了。

　　After you have learned what is preached in Piety and get versed in Four Books, you can proceed to plough through Six Classics.

　　詩(shī)書(shū)易，

　　禮春秋，

　　號(hào)六經(jīng)，

　　當(dāng)講求。

　　History, Changes, Odes,

　　Books of altitudes.

　　Spring 'nd Autumn, Rituals

　　Books for perusals.

　　《詩(shī)》、《書(shū)》、《易》、《禮》、《春秋》，再加上《樂(lè)》稱(chēng)作六經(jīng)。這是中國(guó)古代儒家的經(jīng)典，應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細(xì)閱讀。

　　Odes, History, Changes, Spring 'nd Autumn, Rituals, and Music are collectively called Six Classes. These are important Confucian literatures to be read closely.

　　有連山，

　　有歸藏，

　　有周易，

　　三易詳。

　　Book of Ranges,

　　Book of Changes,

　　Book of Retreat,

　　Detailed and great.

　　《連山》、《歸藏》、《周易》，是我國(guó)古代的三部書(shū)，這三部書(shū)合稱(chēng)“三易”，“三易”是用“卦”的形式來(lái)說(shuō)明宇宙間萬(wàn)事萬(wàn)物循環(huán)變化的道理的書(shū)籍。

　　Book of Ranges, Book of Changes, Book of Retreat are three important books in Ancient China, collectively called three books of changes, in which divinatory symbols are used to predict the changes of things in the universe.

　　有典謨，

　　有訓(xùn)誥。

　　有誓命，

　　書(shū)之奧。

　　Canons, duties, plans,

　　Edicts, oaths, bans,

　　And imperial mandates

　　Are History's aggregates.

　　《書(shū)經(jīng)》的內(nèi)容包括立國(guó)的基本原則、治國(guó)計(jì)劃、大臣的義務(wù)、國(guó)君的通告、起兵文告、國(guó)君的命令等內(nèi)容。

　　History includes state documents such as canons, duties, plans, edicts, oaths, bans, and imperial mandates.